It’s no secret that the sun’s rays cause damage to our skin in a myriad of ways. From skin cancer to age spots and everything in between, long-term exposure to the sun harms the skin. Dermatologists call sun damage by a variety of names, including photoaging, solar damage, and sun damage.
Sun damage occurs when ultraviolet rays hit unprotected skin and initiate a reaction between two molecules of thymine - one of the many bases that make up DNA. While our cells are efficient at repairing damaged DNA, if damage is extensive, the cell may die.
Photodamage occurs in the dermis (deepest layers of the skin) so we cannot immediately see the effects with our eyes. Over time, sun damage becomes visible in the form of age spots, wrinkles, lost elasticity, and hyperpigmentation. Approximately 80% of visible aging is caused by the sun’s harmful rays and much of that could be avoided by reducing sun exposure, wearing sunscreen, and using high-quality skin care products.